This paper discusses hormone replacement therapy and menopause. Menopause is that inevitable and irreversible time when a woman's reproductive cycle and menstruation periods gradually end, as her ovaries cease to respond to male gonadotropins and her capacity to become pregnant stops. Most of the symptoms can be eliminated, minimized or reversed by estrogen replacement therapy. Even low doses of .01 mg of ethinyl estradiol or .625 mg of Premarin daily are effective in relieving genital atrophy, vaginitis and dyspareunia, orally/systematically or locally in the form of creams.